What lifestyle factors can exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease symptoms?

The correct answer identifies key lifestyle factors known to exacerbate the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as high-stress levels, smoking, and a poor diet.

High-stress levels can contribute to the exacerbation of IBD symptoms due to the complex relationship between the gut and the brain, where stress may influence gut motility and increase inflammation. Smoking is particularly relevant because it has been shown to worsen Crohn’s disease, leading to increased rates of flare-ups and complications. Additionally, a poor diet, which may include high-fat, low-fiber, and processed foods, can lead to inflammation and upset the balance of gut microbiota, further aggravating symptoms.

In contrast, the other options involve factors that generally support health and wellness. Regular exercise and proper hydration are typically beneficial for overall digestive health. A high-fiber diet and probiotics can aid in managing IBD symptoms by promoting a healthy gut microbiome and reducing flare-ups. Sleep hygiene and a low-sugar diet also contribute positively to general well-being but are not specifically recognized as significant factors in exacerbating IBD symptoms. Thus, option A is the most accurate in highlighting factors that can lead to worsening IBD.