What is the correlation between smoking and GI disorders?

The correlation between smoking and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders is significant and multifaceted. Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of various GI disorders, which makes the selected answer correct. Evidence suggests that smoking can contribute to the development of peptic ulcers by increasing gastric acid secretion and impairing mucosal defenses. Additionally, smoking is associated with an increased risk for conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Crohn's disease, and other inflammatory bowel diseases.

Furthermore, the harmful toxins in cigarette smoke can disrupt the normal functioning of the GI tract, affect gut motility, and alter gut microbiota, leading to further complications. The systemic effects of smoking, including impaired blood flow and increased inflammation, also play a role in the exacerbation of GI disorders.

The other options do not reflect the established research on the impact of smoking on GI health. While smoking might have some varied effects on the liver, its association with a broader spectrum of GI disorders makes option C the most accurate choice.