What does ERCP stand for?

ERCP stands for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. This procedure is used to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts and pancreatic duct. It involves the use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to visualize these ducts and often helps in the removal of obstructions, such as gallstones, and the placement of stents to improve bile flow. The name accurately reflects the technique's focus on the endoscopic (using an endoscope) approach to retrograde (against the natural flow) imaging of the cholangiopancreatic structures (the bile and pancreatic ducts). This specificity is why the correct answer is clearly B.